Steam-atomizing fuel-oil burner



J. McDO-NALD AND G. P. HAYNES.

STEAM ATOMIZING FUEL OIL BURNER. APPLICATION FILED JULY 30, L921.

,428',896 Patented Sept. 12, 1922.

Patented Sept t 1922,

JAMES iuenonann nun Gnonen r. HAYNES, or new YORK, it. an, nssrenon s 'ro noun anus conronarron, or new runs, n. Y., a oonronarron or new roux.

STEAM-ATOMIZING EUE'L OIL BURNER.

Application filed July so, 1921-. Serial no. assu es.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMEs MCDONALD and Gnonon P. Hermes, citizens of the United States, residing at 742 East 12th Street, in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Atomi'zing Fuel-Oil Burners, of which the following is a clear and exact specification, reference being had to the drawings which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to atomizers for use with oil burning furnaces, and our improvements are directed particularly to the type of atomizer with which steam, air or other fluid pressure agent is employed in breakingup the liquid fuel for delivery in combustible condition.

The object of our invention is to provide a burner structure of such character that efficient atomization of liquid fuel, supplied under moderate pressure, may be achieved with the use of a minimum quantity of steam, air or other fluid pressure agent.

To these ends our invention consists of a burner structure which includes a conoidal surface opposed to the flow of liquid fuel, pressure agent directing means whereby the liquid fuel is caused to spread'in a thin, whirling film over the conoidal surface, and other pressure agent directing means which cause lmpi nment of such agent angularly upon the h m, having the effect of breaking it up into tiny particles. of the burner structure is a return path for the atomized mixture, whereby it is guided centeringly against a rearwardly recessed surface, opposed to the delivery end of the burner; and is subjected to a battering action against said recessed surface which effectively reduces any globules or large particles of liquid fuel that may have carried past the conoidal surface, so that the stream of mixture as it is delivered from'the burner nozzle includes liquid fuel atomized to a state of fine subdivision, capable of combustion with high .efiiciency.

()ther features and dvantages of our invention will hereinafter appear.

Another feature 1 In the drawing Figure 1 is a side sectional elevation of our improved burner.

F g. 2 is an end view thereof, and

Fig. 3 is a section on the line -3-3 of Fi ure 1. r

11 said figures let 1 indicate the body portion of the burner, having transverse oil passage 2,130 which there is removably fitted a connection 3 forthe supply of liquid fuel, sa d passage 2 being angled and having an axial extension 4 whose outlet lies at the apex of a conoidal depression 5 formed in the forward part of body portion 1.

y The body portion 1 is also provided with a transverse passage 6, having a connection 7 whereby steam, air, or other atomizing fluid may be introduced into the burner, said passage 6 being in communication with an annular chamber 8 that surrounds the thereto, for a purpose to be referred to hereinafter. Also, a concentric series of horizontal apertures 11' extend from the chamher 8 to the depression 5.

A. coupling member 12, carrying a rearwardly directed conoidal element 13, is engageable with the body portion 1 as by the screw threads 14:, the surface of conoidal element 13 having concentric spaced relation with the surface of depression 5, to thus provide a conoidal passage 15 in communication with the extension t. s

The conoidal element 13 has at itsforward surface a concaved depression 16, to, which is opposed the exit opening 17 of the delivery ortion 18, here shown as forming a forward extension of coupling member 12. A pipe connection 1'9 is shown as engaged at one end with delivery portion. 18 and engag ing at its other end with a burner tip 20 which may be of usual character for the discharge into a furnace of the atomized mixwardly concaved recess 22, to which the perimeter 23 of conoidal element 13 is in opposed, spaced relation, thereby providing a continuation of passage for the rearward, centering flow of the atomized mixture against the concaved surface 16, prior to emission.

The conoidal-element 13 is here shown as supported by means of webs or bridges 24 which connect it to the shoulder portion 21 g of the coupling member.

In the operation of our improved atomizer liquid fuel is supplied to the passage 2, whence it flows, axially of the device through extension 4 toward the conoidal element 13. While in transit through extension 4:, just before emergence into the annular, conoidal space-15, the flow of liquid fuel is impinged upon by steam, airor other suitable atomizing agent which is introduced to the chamber 8 through'passage 6 and which enters the extension 4 in a series of jets through apertures 10. It will be noted that by reason of the inclination of apertures 10, whereby they are aligned with the conoidal passage 15, the course of saidjets enables them to carry the flow of liquid fuel against the surfaceof conoidal'element 13 and since the apertures 10 are arranged tangentially, the pressure of the fluid agent introduced therethrough has theefiect of whirling the liquid fuel about thefconoidal element 13 in the ing passage 15, flows into annular recess 22,

passed unbroken through whence it 1s given a return, conver 'ng angle and dashed against the concave surface 16, thereby breaking up any globules or large particles of liquid fuel that may have assage 15; the mixture thence continuing-its flow through delivery portion 18 and pipe 19 to the burner tip 20;, from which it issues in combustible orm.

We deem it of prime importance that the liquid fuel is caused, as by the means shown, to be spread into an attenuated film over the conoidal surface resented and further that this film be born arded by impinging jets of a fluid .atomizing'agent, because the state of atomization which is thus achieved almost entirely precludes the delivery of any portion of the fuel to the burner tip in liquid form, while the final dashing of the having an axial passage, means for intro.

ducing liquid fuel to said passage, a concidal element opposed to said passage, means for impinging jets of fluid in angular tangents upon the liquid fuel leaving the axial passage to direct it in a whirling film over said conoidal element, and means for directing other jets of fluidl-against said film,

to break it into tiny particles prior to delivery. v

2. An atomizer comprisinga body portion having means for the flow of liquid fuel therethrough, a c noidal element opposedto the direction of fluid ,fiow, fluid pressure means for directing the liquid fuel in the ion-m of a whirling filmagainst the concidal element, and means for changing the direction of the resultant mixture, causing it to dash against the base of the conoidal element prior to delivery.

'3. An atomizer comprising a body portion having means for the dew of liquid fuel therethrough, a conoidal element whose apex is opposed to the direction of fluid flow, and whose base is concaved, fluid ressure means for directing the liquid fue in the form of a whirling film against the surface of the conoidal element, and means for changing the direction of the resultant mixture, causing it to dashconvergingly against the ooncaved base of the conoidal element prior to delivery for combustion. 4. An atomizer comprising a body portion having an exial passage and delive means, means for introducing. liquid fuel to said passage, an element havmg a conoid'al surface opposed to said pamage and a concaved sur ace' opposed to said delivery means, fluid pressure means for directin the liquid fuel in Va whirling film over sai conoidal surface, means for atomizing said film, and means for changing the direction of flow of'the atomized mixture to dash it against the conca-ved surface prior to delivery v v, 5, An atomizer comprising a body portion having an axial I assage, means for introducing liquid fue to said passage, a

coupling including a conoidal element held thereby ih spaced relation opposed to said body portion, a chamber in said bod portion surrounding said passage, means or introducing fluid under pressure'to said chamher, a series of inclined, tangential passages communicating from said chamber to said axial passage, whereby fiuidpressuremay messes be exerted upon liquid fuel flowing through said axial passage to spread it in a whirL in film over said conoidal element, and said body portion having a series of pas sages extended from said chamber into opsite relation with said conoidal element, to direct fluid under pressure into impinging relation with said film, to break it into tiny particles prior to delivery.

6. n atomizer comprising a body portion having an axial passage and delivery means, for introducing liquid fuel to said passage, a coupling including an element having a oonoidal surface opposed in spaced relation to said body portion, and a reverse, concaved surface, opposed to said delivery means, a'chamber in said body portion surrounding said passage, means for introducing fluid under pressure to said chamber, a series of inclined, tangential passages oommunicating from said chamber to said axial passage, whereby fluid pressure may be exerted upon liquid fuel flowing through said axial passage to spread it in a whirling film 'over said conoidal surface, said body portion also having a series of passages extended from said chamber into opposed relation with said conoidal surface, to direct fluid under pressure into impinging relation with said film, and said coupling being shouldered to provide a forward annular recess, whereby the direction of the flowing atomized mixture is changed and it is caused to dash convergingly against said concaved surface prior to delivery.

Signed at New York, in the county and State of New York, this 22nd day of July,

JAMES MoDONALD. 1,. 8. GEORGE P. HAYNES. 1 5. 

